M'mawu a layman, kuphatikiza kwaNetwork yosewera katatuzikutanthauza kuti maukonde atatu akuluakulu a telecommunication network, computer network ndi cable TV network atha kupereka ma multimedia media media network kuphatikiza mawu, data ndi zithunzi kudzera mukusintha kwaukadaulo. Sanhe ndi mawu otakata komanso okhudza anthu. Pakalipano, amatanthauza "mfundo" yotumizira ku "nkhope", "nsonga" yotumizira mauthenga ku "point", ndi kompyuta Kuphatikizika kwa nthawi yosungiramo malo osungiramo maukonde kuti atumikire bwino anthu sikutanthauza kuphatikizika kwakuthupi kwa maukonde atatu akuluakulu a ma telecommunication, makompyuta, ndi mawayilesi apawailesi yakanema, koma kuphatikiza kwakukulu kwa mabizinesi kumatanthawuza zaukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri. Pambuyo pa "integration of Triple-play Network", anthu atha kugwiritsa ntchito chowongolera chakutali cha TV kuyimba mafoni, kuwonera masewero a pa TV pa mafoni awo, kusankha ma network ndi ma terminals momwe angafunikire, komanso kulumikizana kwathunthu, TV, ndi intaneti pongokoka mzere kapena kugwiritsa ntchito opanda zingwe.
Makwerero atatu a FTTx Development
Kukula kwa FTTx yaku China kwadutsa magawo atatu. Gawo loyamba limachokera ku 2005 mpaka 2007. Gawo ili ndi la siteji yoyesera. Mu 2005, China Telecom idayambitsa mayeso a EPON fiber-to-home ku Beijing, Guangzhou, Shanghai, ndi Wuhan kuti atsimikizire kukhwima kwaEPONdongosolo ndi kufufuza zinachitikira zomangamanga. Panthawi imeneyi, China Netcom, China Mobile, ndi zina zotero achita mayesero ndi oyendetsa ndege pa dongosolo la PON. Mulingo womanga wa FTTx pakadali pano ndiwochepa kwambiri.
Gawo lachiwiri ndi kuyambira 2008 mpaka 2009, lomwe ndi gawo lalikulu lotumiza anthu. Pambuyo pa gawo loyamba la woyendetsa ndi kufufuza. China Telecom yazindikira kukula ndi ntchito ya dongosolo la EPON, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo inafufuza zitsanzo za zomangamanga za FTTx, ndipo zitsanzo za zomangamanga za FTTH / FTTB + LAN / FTTB + DSL zakhazikitsidwa. Chofunika kwambiri, chifukwa cha mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa zingwe zamkuwa panthawiyo, mtengo wa chitsanzo cha FTTB chomanga chinali ndi phindu lalikulu pamtengo womanga wa kuika zingwe zamkuwa. Ma bandwidth ndi scalability a netiweki ya FTTB anali abwinoko kuposa a netiweki yamkuwa. Chifukwa chake, kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2007, China Telecom idaganiza zotengera FTTB + LAN kuti itumize anthu ambiri m'malo omangidwa kumene amzindawu, kuchita FTTB + DSL Optical input ndikusintha mkuwa m'malo omwe analipo, ndikuyimitsa kwathunthu kuyikika kwa maukonde atsopano amkuwa. Pakadali pano, kutumizidwa kwakukulu kwa FTTB chifukwa chakuchita bwino kwamitengo.
Gawo lachitatu lidayamba mu 2010, ndipo FTTx idalowa gawo latsopano lachitukuko. Kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2010, Pulezidenti Wen Jiabao wa State Council adatsogolera msonkhano waukulu wa State Council ndipo adaganiza zofulumizitsa kugwirizanitsa maukonde a telecommunications, wailesi ndi wailesi yakanema ndi intaneti. Zikuyenera kufulumizitsa ntchito yomanga maukonde a fiber-optic broadband access network ndi kusintha kwa njira ziwiri zamawailesi ndi ma TV, komanso kuti mawailesi ndi wailesi yakanema azitsegulirana misika yawo ndikupikisana moyenerera. "Kuphatikiza kosewera katatu" kwabweretsa mpikisano watsopano ndi magawo atsopano opikisana nawo pamakampani onse a telecom.
Mu April, mautumiki a 7 ndi makomiti kuphatikizapo Unduna wa Zamakampani ndi Zamakono Zamakono ndi National Development and Reform Commission pamodzi adapereka "Maganizo pa Kupititsa patsogolo Kumanga kwa Optical Fiber Broadband Networks", kufuna kuti ogwira ntchito pa telecom apititse patsogolo ntchito yomanga ma fiber optical, ndikufulumizitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa fiber optic broadband m'mizinda ndi midzi ya kumidzi. "Maganizo" amati ndi 2011, chiwerengero cha kuwala CHIKWANGWANI burodibandi madoko upambana 80 miliyoni, avareji mwayi owerenga m'tauni kufika kuposa 8 Mbit / s, pafupifupi mwayi owerenga kumidzi adzafika oposa 2 Mbit / s, ndi mwayi avareji mphamvu owerenga nyumba malonda adzakhala kwenikweni kukwaniritsa zoposa 100 Mbit / s. luso lolowetsa. Pakadutsa zaka zitatu, ndalama zomanga netiweki ya fiber optic Broadband zipitilira 150 biliyoni, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ma Broadband atsopano kupitilira 50 miliyoni.
Kuphatikizidwa ndi pulani yomanga ya NGB yomwe idatulutsidwa kale ndi State Administration of Radio, Film and Television, bandwidth yofikira panyumba iliyonse imayenera kufikira 40Mbit/s. Mpikisano womwe unayambitsidwa ndi "sewero la katatu" pang'onopang'ono umayang'ana pa mpikisano wopezera bandwidth. Ogwiritsa ntchito ma telecom ndi ma wailesi ndi wailesi yakanema avomereza mogwirizana FTTx ngati ukadaulo womwe umakonda pakumanga ma network othamanga kwambiri. Izi zimapangitsa kuti chitukuko cha FTTx chisinthe kuchoka pamtengo wapatali kupita ku mpikisano wamsika. Kukula kwa FTTx kwalowa gawo latsopano.
Kuchokera kumbali ina, ndi chifukwa cha kutumizidwa kwakukulu ndi kukhwima kwa FTTx ku China kuti dziko limakhulupirira kuti kuchokera ku teknoloji ndi unyolo wa mafakitale, pali maziko aukadaulo ndi azinthu kuti apititse patsogolo "kuphatikiza kwa maukonde katatu". Kutengera kufunikira kokulitsa zofuna zapakhomo ndikukulitsa luso laukadaulo wadziko langa, dzikolo lidayambitsa njira yapadziko lonse ya "kuphatikiza kwa Triple-play Network" munthawi yake. Zinganenedwe kuti pali mgwirizano wogwirizana kwambiri pakati pa chitukuko cha makampani a FTTx ku China ndi ndondomeko ya dziko la "kuphatikiza kwa Triple-play Network".
"Kusewera katatu" kumayambitsa malingaliro akukula kwa FTTx
Fiber-to-the-x (FTTx) fiber access (FTTx, x = H kwa nyumba, P kwa malo, C kwa malire ndi N kwa node kapena oyandikana nawo) kumene FTTH fiber kunyumba, FTTP fiber kumalo, FTTC fiber ku Roadside / community, FTTN fiber ku node. Fiber-to-home (FTTH) lakhala loto komanso malangizo aukadaulo omwe anthu akhala akutsata kwa zaka 20, koma chifukwa cha zopinga zamtengo, ukadaulo, ndi kufunikira kwake, sikunapitirirebe kukwezedwa ndikukula. Komabe, kuyenda pang'onopang'ono kumeneku kwasintha kwambiri posachedwapa. Chifukwa cha chithandizo cha ndondomeko ndi chitukuko cha zamakono, FTTH yakhalanso malo otentha pambuyo pa zaka zambiri za chete, kulowa mu nthawi yachitukuko chofulumira. Chitonthozo ndi kuphweka kwa moyo zomwe zimabweretsedwa ndi mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana okhudzana ndi burodibandi monga VoIP, masewera a pa intaneti, E-learning, MOD (Multimedia on Demand) ndi nyumba yanzeru, komanso kuwonera kwapang'onopang'ono komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha HDTV Kusinthaku kwapanga makina owoneka bwino okhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri monga bandwidth yayikulu, kuchuluka kwakukulu, ndi kutayika kochepa kukhala chisankho chosapeŵeka kwa sing'anga yomwe imasamutsa deta. Chifukwa cha izi, anthu ambiri ozindikira amawona FTTx (makamaka fiber-to-home and fiber-to-the-premises) ngati chinthu chofunika kwambiri pakubwezeretsanso msika wolumikizana ndi kuwala. Ndipo zikuyembekezeka kuti zaka zingapo zikubwerazi, maukonde a FTTH adzakhala ndi chitukuko chachikulu.
China Telecom ikukonzekera kumanga 1 miliyoni FTTH maukonde mu 2010. Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Wuhan ndi zigawo zina ndi mizinda nawonso motsatizana akufuna mkulu-liwiro burodibandi mautumiki monga 20Mbit/s kupeza. Titha kulosera kuti njira yomangira ya FTTH (fiber-to-home) ikhala njira yomangira ya FTTx kuyambira 2011 kupita mtsogolo. Mulingo wamakampani a FTTx nawonso udzakula molingana. Kwa ogwira ntchito pawailesi ndi wailesi yakanema, pambuyo pa "kuphatikizana kwa maukonde atatu", momwe mungapangire mwachangu kusintha kwa maukonde omwe alipo ndikupanga mautumiki atsopano monga ma TV olumikizana, intaneti ya Broadband, ndi mwayi wamawu ndizofunika kwambiri. Komabe, chifukwa cha kusowa kwa ndalama, luso lamakono, ndi luso, n'kosatheka kuwononga ndalama zambiri pomanga maukonde apamwamba kwambiri otumizira mauthenga. Titha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zomwe zilipo kale, dinani zomwe zingatheke, ndikumanga pang'onopang'ono.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-27-2023