Nkhani - Momwe Mungayesere Kuchita ndi Kudalirika kwa Zingwe za PROFINET?

Mu makina amakono opanga mafakitale, zingwe za PROFINET zimapanga olamulira odalirika olumikizirana msana, zida za I / O, ndi zida zakumunda. Ngakhale kusankha chingwe choyenera ndikofunikira, kuyesa magwiridwe ake ndi kudalirika ndikofunikira chimodzimodzi.

Pamene mafakitale akupitilira kugwiritsa ntchito makina opangira makina kuti azigwira ntchito bwino komanso kuti azigwira ntchito bwino, ntchito ya zingwezi imakhala yofunika kwambiri. Kusankha chingwe choyenera cha PROFINET sikungofanana; ndikofunikira kulingalira zinthu monga kutalika kwa chingwe, kutchingira, ndi momwe chilengedwe chimakhalira kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikuyenda bwino. Chingwe chosankhidwa bwino chikhoza kupititsa patsogolo maulendo otumizira deta ndikuchepetsa latency, zomwe zimathandizira kuti dongosolo lonse likhale lomvera komanso logwira mtima.

Komabe, kufunikira kosankha chingwe choyenera cha PROFINET kumapitirira kusankha chinthu choyenera; kuyesa mwamphamvu ndikofunikira kuti mutsimikizire momwe zimagwirira ntchito komanso kudalirika pazogwiritsa ntchito zenizeni. Kulephera kwa ma chingwe kungayambitse zovuta zazikulu zogwirira ntchito, kuphatikizapo kutsika kosayembekezereka ndi zolakwika zapakatikati zoyankhulirana, potsirizira pake kumabweretsa kukonzanso kwamtengo wapatali komwe kumasokoneza zokolola ndi kukhudza pansi.

v2-d5beb948d1658c1590f336cbde6b4188_1440w

1. Chifukwa Chake Kuyesa Zingwe za PROFINET Kuli Kofunika?

PROFINET ndi mulingo wogwiritsiridwa ntchito kwambiri ndi mafakitale wa Ethernet womwe umathandizira kulumikizana kwanthawi yeniyeni pakati pa zida pazopanga. Pamene mabungwe akudalira kwambiri teknolojiyi kuti apititse patsogolo kulumikizana ndi kuwongolera njira, kufunikira koonetsetsa kuti zingwe za PROFINET zikuyenda bwino komanso zogwira ntchito sizingapitirire. Kuyesa zingwezi si njira yodzitetezera - ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri poteteza zida zonse za netiweki.

Kuyesa zingwe za PROFINET kumatsimikizira zabwino zinayi zazikulu:

Kutumiza kwa data kosasinthapoletsa kutayika kwa paketi ndi kulephera kwa kulumikizana.
Kudalirika kwa intaneti, kuchepetsa nthawi yopuma yosayembekezereka.
Kutsatira miyezo, kutsimikizira kutsatira IEC 61158 ndi zofunikira za PROFINET.
Kupulumutsa mtengopozindikira zolakwika zisanakule mpaka kulephera kwadongosolo.

2. Zofunikira Zofunikira Kuti Muyesedwe

Mukayesa zingwe za PROFINET, zotsatirazi ziyenera kuyesedwa:

Kukhulupirika kwa chizindikiro- imatsimikizira kufalitsa kwa data koyera, kopanda kusokonekera.
Kusagwirizana kwa impedance- PROFINET nthawi zambiri imafuna 100Ω Cat5e/Cat6 cabling.
Crosstalk (NEXT ndi FEXT)- kumalepheretsa kusokoneza pakati pa ma chingwe awiriawiri.
Kuchepetsa- imayesa kutaya kwa chizindikiro pautali wa chingwe.
Kutayika kobwerera- imayang'ana zowunikira zomwe zidachitika chifukwa cha kutha kolakwika.
Kuteteza mphamvu- yofunika kwambiri m'malo amakampani aphokoso.
Kuwonongeka kwakuthupi- kudula, kupindika, kapena kinks kumatha kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito.

Chitsanzo chingwe:
PROFINET mtundu wa B/C mafakitale Cat5e Ethernet chingwe, IP67-voted D-coded M12 mwamuna kwa mkazi, SF/UTP awiri otetezedwa 22AWG strandetors kondakitala, mkulu-flex kunja mafakitale kalasi, PLTC oveteredwa, wobiriwira TPE jekete.

3. Njira Zoyesera Zingwe za PROFINET

1) Kuyang'ana Zowoneka

Kuyang'anitsitsa kowoneka bwino ndi gawo loyamba pakuwunika kukhulupirika kwa chingwe. Yang'anani zolumikizira zonse ngati zikuwonetsa kuwonongeka, dzimbiri, kapena mapini opindika. Yang'anani kutalika kwa chingwe cha kupsinjika kwakuthupi, kupindika kolimba, kapena kutchinga koonekera. Nthawi zambiri, sungani utali wocheperako wopindika wofanana ndi kasanu ndi kawiri kukula kwa chingwe kuti muteteze kuwonongeka kwa kondakitala wamkati.

2) Kuyesa Kupitiliza

Kuyesa kopitilira kumawonetsetsa kuti makondakitala onse asanu ndi atatu alumikizidwa molondola kumapeto mpaka kumapeto. Izi zimazindikiritsa mabwalo otseguka, akabudula, kapena mawaya omwe amatha kusokoneza kulumikizana. Choyesa chingwe chosavuta kapena ma multimeter amatha kutsimikizira kupitilizabe panthawi yoyika kapena kukonza.

3) Kuyesa kwa Wiremap

Kuyesa kwa ma Wiremap kumatsimikizira ma pini olondola molingana ndi miyezo ya TIA-568A kapena TIA-568B. Imazindikiritsa awiriawiri omwe sangawonekere pakuyesa kopitilira muyeso koma amatha kuwononga kwambiri mawonekedwe azizindikiro. Kutsimikizira masanjidwe a wiring kumathandizira kuti magwiridwe antchito azikhala osasinthasintha komanso kutsata miyezo.

4) Kuyesa kwa Chizindikiro cha Umphumphu

Kuyesa kukhulupirika kwa ma Signal kumawunika kuthekera kwa chingwe kufalitsa deta popanda kuwononga poyesa kuchepetsedwa, crosstalk, ndi impedance. Zida monga Fluke Networks DSX CableAnalyzer nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito potsimikizira zingwe kuti zitsatire miyezo ya Ethernet ndi PROFINET.

5) Kutsimikizira Kuteteza ndi Kuteteza Pansi

Mayesowa amatsimikizira kuti kutchingira kumapitilira mu chingwe ndi zolumikizira, ndikuzindikiritsa zovuta zomwe zingapangitse kuti EMI ikhale yovuta. Kutchinjiriza koyenera ndi kuyika pansi ndikofunikira pamafakitale aphokoso.

6) Kuyesa Kwachiwopsezo Pang'ono (BERT)

BERT imayesa zolakwika zenizeni zotumizira deta pansi pa katundu. Powunika kuchuluka kwa zolakwika pakugwira ntchito, kuyesaku kumapereka kuwunika kowona kwa magwiridwe antchito a chingwe pakugwiritsa ntchito zenizeni padziko lapansi - kofunikira pamanetiweki omwe amafunikira kudalirika kwambiri komanso kutsika kochepa.

7) Kuyesa Kupsinjika kwa Zachilengedwe

Kuyesa kwachilengedwe kumawonetsa zingwe pakutentha kwambiri, kugwedezeka, chinyezi, ndi zovuta zina kuti zitsimikizire kulimba kwamafakitale kapena kunja. Zingwe zovotera panja za PROFINET nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito ma jekete a PUR kapena PE kukana ma radiation a UV komanso kukhudzana ndi mankhwala.

Chitsanzo chingwe:
PROFINET mtundu wa B/C mafakitale Cat5e Efaneti chingwe, IP67-voted D-coded M12 mwamuna kwa mwamuna, SF/UTP awiri otetezedwa 22AWG strand kondakitala, mkulu-flex panja kalasi, PLTC oveteredwa, wobiriwira TPE jekete.

4. Zida Zoyesera Zovomerezeka

Magawo osiyanasiyana a zida zoyesera amaonetsetsa kuti chingwe cha PROFINET chikugwirizana ndi kukhulupirika kwake:

Basic testers- Kuti mufufuze mwachangu momwe zinthu zilili komanso kuti muone ngati mapu akuyenderana.
Oyesa certification apamwamba (mwachitsanzo, Fluke, Softing)- Tsimikizirani kutsatira kwathunthu miyezo ya PROFINET ndi Ethernet poyesa kuchepetsedwa, crosstalk, impedance, ndi zina zambiri.
Network analyzers- Dziwani momwe ma network akugwirira ntchito, kuyang'anira kulumikizana kwabwino, ndikuwona zovuta zomwe zimagwirira ntchito.

5. Malangizo kwa Mayeso Odalirika

Yesani nthawi zonse musanayike kuti mupewe kutsika mtengo komanso kukonzanso.
Lembetsani zingwe zonse zoyesedwa ndi malipoti a certification ya sitolo kuti muwonetsetse kuti mukufufuza kapena kukonza.
Gwiritsani ntchito zolumikizira zotetezedwa m'malo apamwamba a EMI kuti musunge kukhulupirika kwazizindikiro.
Sinthani chingwe chilichonse ndikutayika kwa ma siginecha kupitilira malire (mwachitsanzo,> 3 dB) kuti muwonetsetse kudalirika kwaukonde kwanthawi yayitali.

6. Zolakwika Zoyeserera Zomwe Muyenera Kupewa

Zolakwa zambiri zomwe zimasokoneza kulondola kwa mayeso ndi monga:

Kudumpha kutsimikizira chitetezo m'malo a EMI apamwamba.
Kudalira oyesa kalasi ya ogula m'malo mwa zida zovomerezeka za PROFINET.
Kunyalanyaza malangizo oyika opanga.
Kulephera kuyesa zingwe pansi pa katundu weniweni, kuteteza kudziwika kwa zochitika zomwe zimachitika panthawi yogwira ntchito.

7. Malangizo Odalirika Kwa Nthawi Yaitali

Gwiritsani ntchito zingwe za Cat6 kapena zapamwamba kwambiri za PROFINET pazoyika zonse zatsopano.
Khazikitsani dongosolo lodzitetezera ndi kuyezetsa kwa chingwe nthawi ndi nthawi kuti muzindikire kuwonongeka koyambirira.
Sankhani zingwe za LSZH kapena PUR-jacketed pamadera ovuta kapena ovuta.
Sungani ndi kugwira zingwe moyenera, kupewa kupindika kwambiri kapena kupsinjika kwamakina kuti muteteze ming'alu yaying'ono yomwe imawononga mphamvu zamagetsi pakapita nthawi.

8. Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri Okhudza Kuyesa kwa Cable kwa PROFINET

Q1: Kodi zingwe za PROFINET ziyenera kuyesedwa kangati?
A: Yesani pakukhazikitsa ndi miyezi 12-18 iliyonse ngati gawo lokonzekera zodzitetezera.

Q2: Kodi oyesa wamba a Ethernet angagwiritsidwe ntchito pazingwe za PROFINET?
A: Atha kuchita mayeso oyambira, koma oyesa ovomerezeka a PROFINET amalimbikitsidwa kuti akhale odalirika kwathunthu.

Q3: Kodi kutalika kwa chingwe chothandizira kwa PROFINET ndi chiyani?
A: mamita 100 pa gawo lililonse la zingwe zamkuwa; fiber-optic PROFINET imatha kupitilira kutali.

Q4: Ndingatsimikizire bwanji kuti kutchingira ndikothandiza?
A: Pochita zotetezera mosalekeza komanso mayeso oyambira.

Q5: Kodi kuyesa zingwe zakunja za PROFINET ndizosiyana?
A: Inde. Kuphatikiza pa mayeso amagetsi, kukana kwa UV, kupirira kutentha, ndi chitetezo cha chinyezi kumawunikidwanso.