Kuwala pafupipafupi zisa ndi kufala kwa kuwala?

Monga tikudziwira, kuyambira zaka za m'ma 1990, ukadaulo wa WDM WDM wakhala ukugwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizana ndi ma fiber optic otalikirapo mazana kapena masauzande a kilomita. M'madera ambiri a dziko, fiber infrastructure ndi chuma chake chokwera mtengo kwambiri, pamene mtengo wa ma transceiver ndi otsika kwambiri.
Komabe, ndi kuphulika kwa chiwerengero cha deta mu maukonde monga 5G, teknoloji ya WDM ikukhala yofunikira kwambiri pamalumikizidwe afupikitsa, omwe amatumizidwa m'mabuku akuluakulu kwambiri ndipo motero amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mtengo ndi kukula kwa misonkhano ya transceiver.

Pakadali pano, maukondewa amadalirabe masauzande a ulusi wamtundu umodzi womwe umafalikira mofananira kudzera munjira zogawanitsa danga, zomwe zimakhala zotsika kwambiri zofikira mazana angapo a Gbit/s (800G) pa tchanelo chilichonse, ndikutheka pang'ono. mapulogalamu mu T-class.

Komabe, m'tsogolomu, lingaliro la kufanana kwa malo liyenera posachedwapa kufika malire a scalability, ndipo liyenera kuthandizidwa ndi kufananitsa kowoneka bwino kwa mitsinje ya deta mu ulusi uliwonse kuti zipitirire kuwonjezereka kwa chiwerengero cha deta. Izi zitha kutsegulira malo atsopano ogwiritsira ntchito ukadaulo wa WDM, momwe scalability yayikulu malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mayendedwe ndi kuchuluka kwa data ndikofunikira.

M'nkhani ino,jenereta ya optical frequency comb (FCG)imakhala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri monga gwero lowala losakanikirana, lokhazikika, lokhala ndi mafunde ambiri omwe angapereke chiwerengero chachikulu cha optical carriers odziwika bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, mwayi wofunikira kwambiri wa zisa za ma frequency optical ndikuti mizere ya zisa imakhala yofanana pafupipafupi, motero imapumitsa kufunikira kwa magulu achitetezo apakati pa tchanelo ndikupewa kuwongolera pafupipafupi komwe kungafune pa mzere umodzi mu chiwembu chodziwika bwino. mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya DFB lasers.

Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti ubwino umenewu sikugwira ntchito kwa ma transmitters a WDM okha komanso kwa omwe amawalandira, kumene ma discrete local oscillator (LO) array angasinthidwe ndi jenereta imodzi yokha. Kugwiritsa ntchito ma jenereta a LO kumathandiziranso kukonza ma siginecha a digito pamakina a WDM, potero kumachepetsa zovuta zolandila ndikuwonjezera kulekerera phokoso.

Kuonjezera apo, kugwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro za zisa za LO ndi kutseka kwa gawo kwa kulandirira kogwirizana ngakhale kumapangitsa kuti zitheke kukonzanso mawonekedwe a nthawi ya WDM chizindikiro chonse, motero kulipiritsa zowonongeka zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi zosagwirizana ndi kuwala mu fiber transmission. Kuphatikiza pazabwino zamaganizidwe otengera ma siginecha otengera chisa, kukula kocheperako komanso kupanga misala kotsika mtengo ndizofunikanso kwa ma transceivers amtsogolo a WDM.
Chifukwa chake, pakati pamalingaliro osiyanasiyana opangira ma siginecha, zida za chip-scale ndizofunikira kwambiri. Zikaphatikizidwa ndi ma scalable photonic Integrated circuits kuti azitha kusintha ma siginoloji, ma multiplexing, routing and reception, zida zoterezi zitha kukhala ndi fungulo la ma transceivers ophatikizika a WDM omwe amatha kupangidwa mochulukirapo pamtengo wotsika, wokhala ndi mphamvu zotumizira mpaka makumi. Tbit / s pa fiber.

Chithunzi chotsatirachi chikuwonetsa chojambula cha WDM transmitter pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe afupipafupi a optical comb FCG monga kuwala kwa mafunde ambiri. Kudzera, siginecha imayikidwa paukadaulo wapamwamba wa QAM quadrature amplitude modulation for optimal spectral performance (SE).

Pa transmitter egress, njirazo zimaphatikizidwanso mu multiplexer (MUX) ndipo zizindikiro za WDM zimatumizidwa pamtundu umodzi wa fiber. Pamapeto olandira, wavelength division multiplexing receiver (WDM Rx), amagwiritsa ntchito LO local oscillator ya 2nd FCG kuti adziwe zambiri zamtundu wa multiwavelength. Makanema azizindikiro za WDM amasiyanitsidwa ndi demultiplexer ndikuperekedwa ku gulu lolumikizana lolandila (Coh. Rx). komwe kuchulukitsa kwapang'onopang'ono kwa oscillator wamba LO kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo la wolandila aliyense wogwirizana. Kachitidwe ka maulalo a WDM mwachiwonekere kumadalira kwambiri pa jenereta yachisa yapansi, makamaka makulidwe a mzere wa kuwala ndi mphamvu ya kuwala pa mzere uliwonse.

Zachidziwikire, ukadaulo wa ma frequency optical comb udakali pachitukuko, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ogwiritsira ntchito komanso kukula kwa msika ndizochepa. Ngati ingagonjetse zovuta zaukadaulo, kuchepetsa ndalama ndikuwongolera kudalirika, ndiye kuti zitha kukwanitsa kugwiritsa ntchito masikelo mumayendedwe owoneka bwino.