Technological Evolution of Optical Cross-Connect (OXC)

OXC (optical cross-connect) ndi mtundu wosinthika wa ROADM (Reconfigurable Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer).

Monga chinthu chachikulu chosinthira ma netiweki a optical, scalability ndi kukwera mtengo kwa optical cross-connects (OXCs) sikumangotsimikizira kusinthasintha kwa ma topology a netiweki komanso kumakhudzanso mwachindunji mtengo womanga ndi ntchito ndi kukonza ma network akulu akulu. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya OXC imawonetsa kusiyana kwakukulu pamapangidwe omanga ndi kukhazikitsa magwiridwe antchito.

Chithunzi chomwe chili pansipa chikuwonetsa kamangidwe kakale ka CDC-OXC (Colorless Directionless Consionless Optical Cross-Connect), yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito ma switch osankha mafunde (WSSs). Pambali ya mzere, 1 × N ndi N × 1 WSSs amagwira ntchito ngati ma modules olowera / egress, pamene M × K WSSs pambali yowonjezera / kutsitsa amayendetsa kuwonjezera ndi kutsika kwa mafunde. Ma module awa amalumikizidwa kudzera mu ulusi wa kuwala mkati mwa OXC backplane.

Chithunzi: Zomangamanga Zachikhalidwe za CDC-OXC

Izi zitha kuthekanso posintha ndege yakumbuyo kukhala netiweki ya Spanke, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kamangidwe kathu ka Spanke-OXC.

Chithunzi: Spanke-OXC Architecture

Chithunzi pamwambapa chikuwonetsa kuti mbali ya mzere, OXC imalumikizidwa ndi mitundu iwiri ya madoko: madoko owongolera ndi madoko a fiber. Doko lililonse lolowera limafanana ndi komwe kuli OXC pamanetiweki topology, pomwe doko lililonse la fiber limayimira ulusi wolowera pawiri mkati mwa doko lolowera. Doko lolozera lili ndi ma bidirectional fiber pairs (mwachitsanzo, madoko angapo).

Ngakhale OXC yochokera ku Spanke imakwaniritsa kusintha kosatsekereza kudzera pamapangidwe olumikizana ndi ndege zam'mbuyo, zofooka zake zimachulukirachulukira chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa magalimoto pama network. Malire owerengera madoko a ma switch osankha mafunde amtundu wamalonda (WSSs) (mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka komwe kumathandizidwa ndi 1 × 48 madoko, monga Finisar's FlexGrid Twin 1 × 48) kumatanthauza kuti kukulitsa kukula kwa OXC kumafuna kusintha zida zonse, zomwe ndizokwera mtengo komanso zimalepheretsa kugwiritsa ntchito zida zomwe zilipo kale.

Ngakhale ndi mapangidwe apamwamba a OXC otengera maukonde a Clos, amadalirabe ma M×N WSS okwera mtengo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kukwaniritsa zofunikira zokwezera.

Kuti athane ndi vutoli, ofufuza akonza zomanga zosakanizidwa: HMWC-OXC (Hybrid MEMS ndi WSS Clos Network). Mwa kuphatikiza ma microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) ndi WSS, zomangamangazi zimakhalabe pafupi-zosatsekereza ntchito pamene zikuthandizira "kulipira-monga-kukula" luso, kupereka njira yopititsira patsogolo yotsika mtengo kwa ogwiritsira ntchito optical network.

Mapangidwe apamwamba a HMWC-OXC ali mu mawonekedwe ake a Clos osanjikiza atatu.

Chithunzi: Spanke-OXC Zomangamanga Zotengera HMWC Networks

Zosintha zapamwamba za MEMS zowoneka bwino zimayikidwa pazowonjezera ndi zotulutsa, monga sikelo ya 512 × 512 yomwe imathandizidwa ndiukadaulo wamakono, kuti apange dziwe ladoko lamphamvu. Chigawo chapakati chimakhala ndi ma module angapo ang'onoang'ono a Spanke-OXC, olumikizidwa kudzera pa "T-ports" kuti achepetse kusokonezeka kwamkati.

Mu gawo loyambirira, ogwira ntchito amatha kupanga zomangamanga zochokera ku Spanke-OXC yomwe ilipo (mwachitsanzo, 4 × 4 sikelo), kungotumiza masiwichi a MEMS (mwachitsanzo, 32 × 32) pazowonjezera ndi zotulutsa, ndikusunga gawo limodzi la Spanke-OXC pakati (panthawiyi, kuchuluka kwa madoko a T ndi ziro). Pamene zofunikira za maukonde zikuwonjezeka, ma modules atsopano a Spanke-OXC amawonjezeredwa pang'onopang'ono pakatikati, ndipo ma T-ports amakonzedwa kuti agwirizane ndi ma modules.

Mwachitsanzo, pakukulitsa chiwerengero cha ma modules apakati kuchokera kumodzi mpaka awiri, chiwerengero cha T-ports chimayikidwa ku chimodzi, ndikuwonjezera chiwerengero chonse kuchokera ku zinayi mpaka zisanu ndi chimodzi.

Chithunzi: HMWC-OXC Chitsanzo

Izi zimatsata zoletsa M> N × (S - T), pomwe:

M ndi chiwerengero cha madoko a MEMS,
N ndi chiwerengero cha ma modules apakati,
S ndi chiwerengero cha madoko mu Spanke-OXC imodzi, ndi
T ndi chiwerengero cha madoko olumikizidwa.

Posintha magawowa mwamphamvu, HMWC-OXC imatha kuthandizira kukulitsa pang'onopang'ono kuchokera pamlingo woyamba kupita pamlingo womwe mukufuna (mwachitsanzo, 64 × 64) osasintha zida zonse nthawi imodzi.

Kuti atsimikizire momwe kamangidwe kameneka kakuyendera, gulu lofufuza lidachita zoyeserera zoyeserera motengera zopempha zowoneka bwino.

Chithunzi: Kuletsa Magwiridwe a HMWC Network

Kuyerekezera kumagwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa magalimoto a Erlang, poganiza kuti zopempha zantchito zimatsata kugawa kwa Poisson ndipo nthawi zogwira ntchito zimatsata kugawidwa kolakwika. Chiwerengero chonse cha magalimoto chimayikidwa ku 3100 Erlangs. Cholinga cha OXC ndi 64 × 64, ndipo gawo lolowera ndi lotulutsa la MEMS ndi 64 × 64. Masanjidwe apakati a gawo la Spanke-OXC amaphatikizapo 32 × 32 kapena 48 × 48. Chiwerengero cha ma T-ports chimachokera ku 0 mpaka 16 kutengera zomwe zikuchitika.

Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti, muzochitika zokhala ndi gawo la D = 4, mwayi wotsekereza wa HMWC-OXC uli pafupi ndi chikhalidwe cha Spanke-OXC choyambirira (S(64,4)). Mwachitsanzo, pogwiritsa ntchito v(64,2,32,0,4) kasinthidwe, kuthekera kotsekereza kumawonjezeka ndi pafupifupi 5% yokha pansi pa katundu wambiri. Pamene chigawo chowongolera chikuwonjezeka kufika pa D = 8, mwayi wotsekereza ukuwonjezeka chifukwa cha "thunthu lathunthu" komanso kuchepa kwa utali wa fiber mbali iliyonse. Komabe, nkhaniyi ikhoza kuchepetsedwa bwino poonjezera chiwerengero cha T-ports (mwachitsanzo, v (64,2,48,16,8) kasinthidwe).

Makamaka, ngakhale kuwonjezera kwa ma module apakati-wosanjikiza kungayambitse kutsekeka kwamkati chifukwa cha mikangano ya T-port, zomanga zonse zimatha kukwaniritsa magwiridwe antchito bwino mwa kasinthidwe koyenera.

Kuwunika kwamitengo kumawunikiranso zabwino za HMWC-OXC, monga zikuwonekera pachithunzichi.

Chithunzi: Kutsekereza Kuthekera ndi Mtengo wa Zomangamanga Zosiyanasiyana za OXC

M'mawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri okhala ndi 80 wavelengths / fiber, HMWC-OXC (v(64,2,44,12,64)) ikhoza kuchepetsa ndalama ndi 40% poyerekeza ndi chikhalidwe cha Spanke-OXC. M'mawonekedwe otsika kwambiri (mwachitsanzo, 50 wavelengths/fiber), phindu la mtengo ndilofunika kwambiri chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa madoko a T (mwachitsanzo, v(64,2,36,4,64)).

Phindu lazachuma limeneli limachokera ku kuphatikizika kwa kuchuluka kwa madoko kwa masinthidwe a MEMS ndi njira yowonjezerera modular, zomwe sizimangopewa kuwononga ndalama za WSS m'malo akuluakulu komanso zimachepetsanso ndalama zowonjezera pogwiritsa ntchitonso ma module a Spanke-OXC omwe alipo. Zotsatira zofananira zikuwonetsanso kuti posintha kuchuluka kwa ma module apakati ndi chiŵerengero cha madoko a T, HMWC-OXC imatha kusanja bwino magwiridwe antchito ndi mtengo pansi pa mphamvu zosiyanasiyana za kutalika kwa mafunde ndi masinthidwe owongolera, kupatsa ogwiritsa ntchito mwayi wokhathamira wosiyanasiyana.

Kafukufuku wamtsogolo atha kuwunikanso ma algorithms amphamvu a T-port kuti apititse patsogolo kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zamkati. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi kupita patsogolo kwa njira zopangira MEMS, kuphatikiza masiwichi apamwamba kwambiri kudzapititsa patsogolo kukula kwa kamangidwe kameneka. Kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ma netiweki owoneka bwino, kamangidwe kameneka ndi koyenera makamaka paziwonetsero zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira, zomwe zimapereka yankho lothandiza laukadaulo pomanga network yolimba komanso yowopsa ya all-optical backbone network.