Kusintha kwa Ukadaulo wa Optical Cross-Connect (OXC)

OXC (optical cross-connect) ndi mtundu wosinthika wa ROADM (Reconfigurable Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer).

Monga gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakusintha ma network a kuwala, kukula ndi kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ndalama kwa ma optical cross-connect (OXCs) sikuti kumangotanthauza kusinthasintha kwa ma network komanso kumakhudza mwachindunji ndalama zomangira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kukonza ma network akuluakulu a kuwala. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma OXC imawonetsa kusiyana kwakukulu pakupanga zomangamanga ndi magwiridwe antchito.

Chithunzi chomwe chili pansipa chikuwonetsa kapangidwe ka CDC-OXC (Colorless Directionless Contetionless Optical Cross-Connect) kachikhalidwe, komwe kamagwiritsa ntchito ma switch osankha ma wavelength (WSSs). Kumbali ya mzere, ma WSS 1 × N ndi N × 1 amagwira ntchito ngati ma module olowera/otuluka, pomwe ma WSS a M × K kumbali yowonjezera/yogwetsa amayang'anira kuwonjezera ndi kugwetsa ma wavelength. Ma module awa amalumikizidwa kudzera mu ulusi wa optical mkati mwa OXC backplane.

Chithunzi: Kapangidwe ka Chikhalidwe ka CDC-OXC

Izi zitha kuchitikanso mwa kusintha backplane kukhala netiweki ya Spanke, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mapangidwe athu a Spanke-OXC akhale abwino.

Chithunzi: Kapangidwe ka Spanke-OXC

Chithunzi pamwambapa chikuwonetsa kuti kumbali ya mzere, OXC imagwirizanitsidwa ndi mitundu iwiri ya madoko: madoko olunjika ndi madoko a fiber. Doko lililonse lolunjika limafanana ndi komwe OXC ili mu topology ya netiweki ili, pomwe doko lililonse la fiber limayimira ulusi wa bidirectional mkati mwa doko lolunjika. Doko lolunjika lili ndi mawiri angapo a bidirectional fiber (mwachitsanzo, madoko angapo a fiber).

Ngakhale kuti OXC yochokera ku Spanke imakwaniritsa kusintha kosaletsa kudzera mu kapangidwe ka backplane kolumikizidwa kwathunthu, zoletsa zake zimakhala zazikulu pamene kuchuluka kwa magalimoto pa netiweki kukukwera. Malire a kuchuluka kwa ma doko a ma switch osankha mafunde amalonda (WSSs) (mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa ma doko omwe amathandizidwa ndi ma 1×48 ports, monga Finisar's FlexGrid Twin 1×48) kumatanthauza kuti kukulitsa gawo la OXC kumafuna kusintha zida zonse, zomwe zimakhala zodula komanso zimaletsa kugwiritsanso ntchito zida zomwe zilipo.

Ngakhale ndi kapangidwe ka OXC kapamwamba kozikidwa pa ma netiweki a Clos, imadalirabe ma M×N WSS okwera mtengo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kukwaniritsa zofunikira pakukweza pang'onopang'ono.

Pofuna kuthana ndi vutoli, ofufuza apereka lingaliro la kapangidwe katsopano kosakanikirana: HMWC-OXC (Hybrid MEMS ndi WSS Clos Network). Mwa kuphatikiza machitidwe a microelectromechanical (MEMS) ndi WSS, kapangidwe kameneka kamasunga magwiridwe antchito osaletseka pomwe kamathandizira luso la "kulipirira pamene mukukula", kupereka njira yotsika mtengo yosinthira kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ma netiweki owonera.

Kapangidwe kake ka HMWC-OXC kali mu kapangidwe ka netiweki ya Clos yokhala ndi magawo atatu.

Chithunzi: Kapangidwe ka Spanke-OXC Kochokera pa Maukonde a HMWC

Ma switch a MEMS optical okhala ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba amayikidwa pazigawo zolowera ndi zotulutsa, monga sikelo ya 512×512 yomwe ikuthandizidwa ndi ukadaulo wamakono, kuti apange dziwe lalikulu la madoko. Chigawo chapakati chimakhala ndi ma module ang'onoang'ono angapo a Spanke-OXC, olumikizidwa kudzera mu "ma T-ports" kuti achepetse kutsekeka kwamkati.

Mu gawo loyamba, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kumanga zomangamanga kutengera Spanke-OXC yomwe ilipo (monga sikelo ya 4×4), kungoyika ma switch a MEMS (monga, 32×32) pazigawo zolowera ndi zotulutsa, pomwe akusunga gawo limodzi la Spanke-OXC pakati (pankhaniyi, chiwerengero cha ma T-port ndi zero). Pamene zofunikira pakukula kwa netiweki zikuwonjezeka, ma module atsopano a Spanke-OXC amawonjezeredwa pang'onopang'ono ku gawo lapakati, ndipo ma T-port amakonzedwa kuti alumikize ma module.

Mwachitsanzo, powonjezera chiwerengero cha ma module apakati kuchokera pa chimodzi mpaka ziwiri, chiwerengero cha ma T-ports chimayikidwa pa chimodzi, ndikuwonjezera gawo lonse kuchokera pa zinayi mpaka zisanu ndi chimodzi.

Chithunzi: Chitsanzo cha HMWC-OXC

Njirayi ikutsatira choletsa cha parameter M > N × (S − T), pomwe:

M ndi chiwerengero cha madoko a MEMS,
N ndi chiwerengero cha ma module apakati,
S ndi chiwerengero cha madoko mu Spanke-OXC imodzi, ndipo
T ndi chiwerengero cha madoko olumikizidwa.

Mwa kusintha magawo awa mosinthasintha, HMWC-OXC imatha kuthandizira kukula pang'onopang'ono kuchokera pa sikelo yoyambirira kupita ku gawo la chandamale (monga, 64×64) popanda kusintha zida zonse nthawi imodzi.

Pofuna kutsimikizira momwe kapangidwe kameneka kamagwirira ntchito, gulu lofufuza linachita zoyeserera zoyeserera kutengera zopempha za njira yowunikira yosinthika.

Chithunzi: Kuletsa Kugwira Ntchito kwa Netiweki ya HMWC

Kuyesereraku kumagwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha magalimoto a Erlang, poganiza kuti zopempha zautumiki zikutsatira kugawa kwa Poisson ndipo nthawi yogwirira ntchito ikutsatira kugawa kolakwika kwa exponential. Chiwerengero chonse cha magalimoto chayikidwa ku 3100 Erlangs. Muyeso wa OXC womwe umayang'aniridwa ndi 64×64, ndipo sikelo ya MEMS yolowera ndi yotulutsa ndi 64×64. Makonzedwe apakati a Spanke-OXC module akuphatikizapo 32×32 kapena 48×48. Chiwerengero cha ma T-ports chimasiyana kuyambira 0 mpaka 16 kutengera zofunikira pazochitika.

Zotsatira zikusonyeza kuti, mu chitsanzo chokhala ndi gawo lolunjika la D = 4, kuthekera koletsa kwa HMWC-OXC kuli pafupi ndi komwe kumakhala koyambira kwa Spanke-OXC (S(64,4)). Mwachitsanzo, pogwiritsa ntchito kasinthidwe ka v(64,2,32,0,4), kuthekera koletsa kumawonjezeka ndi pafupifupi 5% yokha pansi pa katundu wocheperako. Pamene gawo lolunjika limawonjezeka kufika pa D = 8, kuthekera koletsa kumawonjezeka chifukwa cha "thunthu" ndi kuchepa kwa kutalika kwa ulusi mbali iliyonse. Komabe, vutoli lingathe kuchepetsedwa bwino powonjezera chiwerengero cha ma T-ports (mwachitsanzo, kasinthidwe ka v(64,2,48,16,8).

Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, ngakhale kuwonjezera ma module apakati kungayambitse kutsekeka kwamkati chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa T-port, kapangidwe kake konse kangathebe kukwaniritsa magwiridwe antchito abwino kudzera mu kasinthidwe koyenera.

Kusanthula mtengo kukuwonetsanso ubwino wa HMWC-OXC, monga momwe chithunzi chili pansipa chikusonyezera.

Chithunzi: Kuletsa Kuthekera ndi Mtengo wa Mapangidwe Osiyanasiyana a OXC

Mu zinthu zokhala ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa ma wavelengths/ulusi 80, HMWC-OXC (v(64,2,44,12,64)) ikhoza kuchepetsa ndalama ndi 40% poyerekeza ndi Spanke-OXC yachikhalidwe. Mu zinthu zokhala ndi ma wavelengths otsika (monga ma wavelengths/ulusi 50), phindu la mtengo wake ndi lofunika kwambiri chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa ma T-ports ofunikira (monga, v(64,2,36,4,64)).

Phindu la zachumali limachokera ku kuphatikiza kwa ma doko ambiri a ma switch a MEMS ndi njira yowonjezera modular, zomwe sizimangopewa ndalama zosinthira WSS yayikulu komanso zimachepetsa ndalama zowonjezera pogwiritsa ntchito ma module a Spanke-OXC omwe alipo. Zotsatira za simulation zikuwonetsanso kuti mwa kusintha chiwerengero cha ma module apakati komanso chiŵerengero cha ma T-ports, HMWC-OXC imatha kusinthasintha magwiridwe antchito ndi mtengo pansi pa mphamvu zosiyanasiyana za wavelength ndi makonzedwe a direction, kupatsa ogwiritsa ntchito mwayi wokonza zinthu m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

Kafukufuku wamtsogolo angafufuzenso njira zosinthira ma T-port kuti akonze bwino kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zamkati. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi kupita patsogolo kwa njira zopangira MEMS, kuphatikiza ma switch apamwamba kudzawonjezera kukula kwa kapangidwe kameneka. Kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ma network a kuwala, kapangidwe kameneka ndi koyenera makamaka pazochitika zomwe kuchuluka kwa magalimoto sikukudziwika, zomwe zimapereka njira yothandiza yopangira netiweki ya msana yolimba komanso yokulirapo.