Ndi kuchuluka kwa mautumiki omwe amayendetsedwa ndi Passive Optical Networks (PON), kwakhala kofunikira kubwezeretsa mautumiki mwachangu pambuyo poti mzere walephera. Ukadaulo wosintha chitetezo cha PON, monga njira yayikulu yotsimikizira kuti bizinesi ikupitilizabe, umathandizira kwambiri kudalirika kwa maukonde mwa kuchepetsa nthawi yosokoneza maukonde kukhala yochepera 50ms kudzera mu njira zanzeru zobwezeretsanso maukonde.
Chiyambi chaPONKusintha chitetezo ndiko kuonetsetsa kuti bizinesi ikupitilizabe kudzera mu kapangidwe ka njira ziwiri za "primary + backup".
Kayendedwe kake kagawika m'magawo atatu: choyamba, mu gawo lozindikira, makina amatha kuzindikira molondola kusweka kwa ulusi kapena kulephera kwa zida mkati mwa 5ms kudzera mu kuphatikiza kwa kuyang'anira mphamvu ya kuwala, kusanthula kwa liwiro la zolakwika, ndi mauthenga a kugunda kwa mtima; Mu gawo losinthira, kusinthaku kumachitika kokha kutengera njira yokonzedweratu, ndi kuchedwa kwachizolowezi kosinthira komwe kumayendetsedwa mkati mwa 30ms; Pomaliza, mu gawo lobwezeretsa, kusamuka kosasunthika kwa magawo 218 a bizinesi monga zoikamo za VLAN ndi kugawa kwa bandwidth kumachitika kudzera mu injini yolumikizira makonzedwe, kuonetsetsa kuti ogwiritsa ntchito sakudziwa konse.
Deta yeniyeni yogwiritsira ntchito ikuwonetsa kuti mutagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo uwu, nthawi yolepheretsa ma netiweki a PON pachaka imatha kuchepetsedwa kuchoka pa maola 8.76 mpaka masekondi 26, ndipo kudalirika kumatha kukwezedwa ndi nthawi 1200. Njira zodzitetezera za PON zomwe zilipo pano zikuphatikizapo mitundu inayi, Mtundu A mpaka Mtundu D, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale njira yonse yaukadaulo kuyambira yoyambira mpaka yapamwamba.
Mtundu A (Trunk Fiber Redundancy) umagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe ka madoko awiri a PON pa ma chips a MAC omwe amagawana mbali ya OLT. Umapanga ulalo woyamba ndi wosungira fiber optic kudzera mu splitter ya 2: N ndipo umasinthasintha mkati mwa 40ms. Mtengo wake wosinthira zida umawonjezeka ndi 20% yokha ya zinthu za fiber, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kwambiri pazochitika zotumizira ma transmission akutali monga ma network aku campus. Komabe, ziyenera kudziwika kuti dongosololi lili ndi zoletsa pa bolodi lomwelo, ndipo kulephera kwa mfundo imodzi kwa splitter kungayambitse kusokonezeka kwa ulalo wawiri.
Mtundu B wapamwamba kwambiri (OLT port redundancy) umagwiritsa ntchito ma port awiri a ma chips a MAC odziyimira pawokha kumbali ya OLT, umathandizira njira yosungira yozizira/yofunda, ndipo ukhoza kukulitsidwa ku kapangidwe ka dual host kudutsa ma OLT.FTTHPoyesa zochitika, yankho ili linapeza kusamuka kofanana kwa ma ONU 128 mkati mwa 50ms, ndi chiŵerengero cha kutayika kwa paketi cha 0. Lagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pamakina otumizira makanema a 4K mu netiweki yowulutsa nkhani ndi wailesi yakanema yachigawo.
Mtundu C (chitetezo chathunthu cha ulusi) umagwiritsidwa ntchito kudzera mu njira ziwiri zolumikizirana za ulusi wa msana/wogawidwa, kuphatikiza ndi kapangidwe ka ma module awiri a ONU, kuti apereke chitetezo kuyambira kumapeto mpaka kumapeto kwa machitidwe amalonda azachuma. Idapeza kuchira kwa zolakwika za 300ms mu kuyesa kupsinjika kwa masheya, ndikukwaniritsa mokwanira muyezo wa sub second interrupt tolerance wa machitidwe amalonda achitetezo.
Mtundu wa D wapamwamba kwambiri (full system hot backup) umagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe ka gulu lankhondo, ndi ma control awiri ndi mapangidwe awiri a OLT ndi ONU, zomwe zimathandiza kuti pakhale kuchulukira kwa fiber/port/power supply kwa magawo atatu. Chitsanzo chogwiritsa ntchito netiweki ya backhaul ya siteshoni ya 5G chikuwonetsa kuti yankho likhozabe kusunga magwiridwe antchito a 10ms level switching m'malo ovuta kwambiri a -40 ℃, ndi nthawi yosokoneza pachaka yolamulidwa mkati mwa masekondi 32, ndipo ladutsa satifiketi ya MIL-STD-810G ya usilikali.
Kuti tikwaniritse kusintha kosasokonekera, mavuto awiri akuluakulu aukadaulo ayenera kuthetsedwa:
Ponena za kulumikizana kwa makonzedwe, dongosololi limagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wosiyana wolumikizana kuti zitsimikizire kuti magawo 218 osasinthika monga mfundo za VLAN ndi QoS ndi ofanana. Nthawi yomweyo, limalumikiza deta yosinthika monga tebulo la adilesi ya MAC ndi DHCP lease kudzera mu njira yofulumira yosinthira, ndipo limalandira mosavuta makiyi achitetezo kutengera njira yobisa ya AES-256;
Mu gawo lobwezeretsa ntchito, njira yotsimikizira katatu yapangidwa - pogwiritsa ntchito njira yopezera mwachangu kuti ichepetse nthawi yolembetsa ya ONU mkati mwa masekondi atatu, njira yanzeru yotulutsira madzi yochokera ku SDN kuti ikwaniritse nthawi yeniyeni yoyendera magalimoto, komanso kukonza zokha magawo ambiri monga mphamvu/kuchedwa kwa kuwala.
Nthawi yotumizira: Juni-19-2025