Kuyambira pomwe IPTV idalowa pamsika mu 1999, kukula kwa msika kwawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono. Akuyembekezeka kuti ogwiritsa ntchito IPTV padziko lonse lapansi adzafika pa oposa 26 miliyoni pofika chaka cha 2008, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito IPTV pachaka ku China kuyambira 2003 mpaka 2008 kudzafika pa 245%.
Malinga ndi kafukufukuyu, kilomita yomaliza yaIPTVKufikira kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu DSL cable access mode, chifukwa cha bandwidth ndi kukhazikika ndi zina, IPTV yomwe ikupikisana ndi TV wamba ili pamavuto, ndipo njira yopangira cable access mode ndi yokwera, nthawi yake ndi yayitali, komanso yovuta. Chifukwa chake, momwe mungathetsere vuto la IPTV lomwe limatha kufika patali ndikofunikira kwambiri.
WiMAX (WorldwideInteroper-abilityforMicrowave Access) ndi ukadaulo wa intaneti wopanda zingwe wozikidwa pa IEEE802.16, womwe pang'onopang'ono wakhala malo atsopano opititsira patsogolo ukadaulo wa intaneti wopanda zingwe wa metro. Ikhoza kusintha ma DSL omwe alipo kale ndi mawaya kuti ipereke maulumikizidwe a intaneti opanda zingwe okhazikika komanso osasunthika. Chifukwa cha mtengo wake wotsika womangira, magwiridwe antchito apamwamba aukadaulo komanso kudalirika kwakukulu, idzakhala ukadaulo wabwino kwambiri wothetsera vuto la intaneti la IPTV lomwe silingathe kufikako nthawi yayitali.
2, momwe zinthu zilili panopa pa ukadaulo wopezera IPTV
Pakadali pano, ukadaulo wopezera mauthenga womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popereka mautumiki a IPTV ukuphatikizapo DSL, FTTB, FTTH ndi ukadaulo wina wopezera mauthenga a waya. Chifukwa cha ndalama zochepa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya DSL yomwe ilipo pothandizira mautumiki a IPTV, 3/4 ya ogwira ntchito zamatelefoni ku Asia amagwiritsa ntchito mabokosi osinthira mauthenga kuti asinthe ma DSL kukhala ma signal a pa TV kuti apereke mautumiki a IPTV.
Zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zili mu IPTV chonyamulira ndi monga mapulogalamu a VOD ndi TV. Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti IPTV ikuwoneka bwino ngati ya netiweki ya chingwe yomwe ilipo, netiweki ya IPTV chonyamulira imafunika kupereka chitsimikizo cha bandwidth, kuchedwa kwa kusintha kwa njira, network QoS, ndi zina zotero, ndipo mbali izi za ukadaulo wa DSL sizingakwaniritse zofunikira za IPTV, ndipo chithandizo cha DSL cha multicast ndi chochepa. Ma routers a IPv4 protocol, sathandizira multicast. Ngakhale kuti mwachiphunzitso pali malo oti akweze ukadaulo wa DSL, pali kusintha kochepa kwa bandwidth.
3, makhalidwe a ukadaulo wa WiMAX
WiMAX ndi ukadaulo wa intaneti wopanda zingwe wozikidwa pa muyezo wa IEEE802.16, womwe ndi muyezo watsopano wolumikizira mpweya womwe ukuperekedwa pa ma microwave ndi ma millimeter wave band. Imatha kupereka liwiro lofika pa 75Mbit/s, kufalikira kwa siteshoni imodzi mpaka 50km. WiMAX idapangidwira ma LAN opanda zingwe ndipo kuti ithetse vuto la mtunda womaliza wa intaneti, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza "malo otseguka" a Wi-Fi ku intaneti, komanso kulumikiza chilengedwe cha kampani kapena kunyumba ku chingwe cholumikizidwa ndi waya, chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chingwe ndi chingwe cha DTH, ndipo chingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chingwe ndi chingwe cha DTH. Ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito kulumikiza malo monga bizinesi kapena kunyumba ku chingwe cholumikizidwa ndi waya, ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chowonjezera chopanda waya ku chingwe ndi DSL kuti zitheke kupeza intaneti yopanda zingwe.
4, WiMAX imalola kuti IPTV ipezeke popanda zingwe
(1) Zofunikira za IPTV pa netiweki yolumikizira
Chinthu chachikulu cha ntchito ya IPTV ndi kuyanjana kwake komanso nthawi yeniyeni. Kudzera mu ntchito ya IPTV, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kusangalala ndi ntchito zapamwamba kwambiri (zofanana ndi DVD) zama digito, ndipo amatha kusankha mapulogalamu a kanema kuchokera ku ma netiweki a IP a broadband, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mgwirizano waukulu pakati pa opereka media ndi ogula media.
Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti khalidwe la IPTV likufanana ndi la netiweki ya chingwe yomwe ilipo, netiweki yofikira ya IPTV ikufunika kuti ipereke chitsimikizo malinga ndi bandwidth, kuchedwa kwa kusintha kwa njira, network QoS, ndi zina zotero. Ponena za bandwidth yofikira ogwiritsa ntchito, kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa ma code womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, ogwiritsa ntchito amafunikira bandwidth yofikira ya 3 ~ 4Mbit / s, ngati kutumiza kanema wapamwamba kwambiri, bandwidth yofunikira nayonso ndi yayikulu; pakuchedwa kwa kusintha kwa njira, kuti atsimikizire kuti ogwiritsa ntchito IPTV asinthana pakati pa njira zosiyanasiyana ndi kusintha kwa TV wamba magwiridwe antchito omwewo, kufalikira kwa ntchito za IPTV kumafuna osachepera zida za digito zolembetsa mzere wolumikizira (DSLAM) kuti zithandizire ukadaulo wa IP multicast; pankhani ya netiweki QoS, kuti apewe kutayika kwa paketi, kugwedezeka ndi zina zomwe zimakhudza khalidwe la kuwonera kwa IPTV.
(2) Kuyerekeza njira yopezera WiMAX ndi njira yopezera DSL, Wi-Fi ndi FTTx
DSL, chifukwa cha zovuta zake zaukadaulo, pakadali mavuto ambiri pankhani ya mtunda, liwiro ndi liwiro lotuluka. Poyerekeza ndi DSL, WiMAX imatha kuphimba dera lalikulu, kupereka liwiro la data mwachangu, kukhala ndi kukula kwakukulu komanso chitsimikizo cha QoS chapamwamba.
Poyerekeza ndi Wi-Fi, WiMAX ili ndi ubwino waukadaulo monga kufalikira kwakukulu, kusintha kwa band, kufalikira kwamphamvu, QoS yapamwamba komanso chitetezo, ndi zina zotero. Wi-Fi imachokera pa muyezo wa Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa intaneti/Intranet yofalikira m'nyumba, m'maofesi, kapena m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri; WiMAX imachokera pa muyezo wa Wireless WiMAX imachokera pa muyezo wa wireless metropolitan area network (WMAN), womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa ntchito yopezera deta mwachangu pogwiritsa ntchito mafoni okhazikika komanso otsika liwiro.
FTTB+LAN, njira yolumikizira intaneti mwachangu kwambiri, imagwira ntchitoIPTVntchito yake ndi yopanda vuto lalikulu, koma imalepheretsedwa ndi vuto la mawaya ophatikizidwa mnyumbamo, mtengo woyika ndi mtunda wotumizira womwe umabwera chifukwa cha chingwe chopindika. Makhalidwe abwino a WiMAX osagwirizana ndi mzere wowonera, kusinthasintha kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi kukula kwa makonzedwe, mtundu wabwino kwambiri wa ntchito ya QoS komanso chitetezo champhamvu zonsezi zimapangitsa kuti ikhale njira yabwino yopezera IPTV.
(3) Ubwino wa WiMAX pakutha kupeza IPTV opanda zingwe
Poyerekeza WiMAX ndi DSL, Wi-Fi ndi FTTx, zitha kuwoneka kuti WiMAX ndiye chisankho chabwino kwambiri pakukwaniritsa mwayi wopeza IPTV. Pofika mu Meyi 2006, chiwerengero cha mamembala a WiMAX Forum chinakula kufika pa 356, ndipo ogwira ntchito oposa 120 padziko lonse lapansi alowa nawo bungweli. WiMAX idzakhala ukadaulo woyenera kuthetsa vuto la IPTV. WiMAX idzakhalanso njira ina yabwino kuposa DSL ndi Wi-Fi.
(4) Kuzindikira Kupeza kwa IPTV pa WiMAX
Muyezo wa IEEE802.16-2004 umayang'ana kwambiri malo okhazikika, mtunda wapamwamba kwambiri wotumizira ndi 7 ~ 10km, ndipo gulu lake lolumikizirana ndi lotsika kuposa 11GHz, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti njira yosankha ikhale yosankha, ndipo bandwidth ya njira iliyonse ili pakati pa 1.25 ~ 20MHz. Pamene bandwidth ili 20 MHz, liwiro lalikulu la IEEE 802.16a limatha kufika 75 Mbit/s, nthawi zambiri 40 Mbit/s; pamene bandwidth ili 10 MHz, imatha kupereka liwiro lapakati la 20 Mbit/s.
Ma netiweki a WiMAX amathandizira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mabizinesi. Ntchito za data zamitengo yosiyanasiyana ndiye cholinga chachikulu cha netiweki. WiMAX imathandizira milingo yosiyanasiyana ya QoS, kotero kufalikira kwa netiweki kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi mtundu wa ntchito. Ponena za mwayi wopeza IPTV. Chifukwa IPTV imafuna chitsimikizo cha QoS chapamwamba komanso kuchuluka kwa kutumiza deta mwachangu. Chifukwa chake netiweki ya WiMAX imakhazikitsidwa moyenera malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito m'derali komanso zosowa zawo. Ogwiritsa ntchito akafika pa netiweki ya IPTV. Palibe chifukwa chogwiritsanso ntchito mawaya, muyenera kungowonjezera zida zolandirira WiMAX ndi bokosi la IP, kuti ogwiritsa ntchito athe kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito ya IPTV mosavuta komanso mwachangu.
Pakadali pano, IPTV ndi bizinesi yomwe ikukula mwachangu komanso yomwe ili ndi kuthekera kwakukulu pamsika, ndipo chitukuko chake chidakali chaching'ono. Chizolowezi cha chitukuko chake chamtsogolo ndikuwonjezera ntchito za IPTV ndi ma terminal, ndipo TV idzakhala malo olumikizirana a digito okhala ndi ntchito zolumikizirana ndi intaneti. Koma IPTV ikufuna kukwaniritsa bwino kwambiri, osati kungothetsa vuto la zomwe zili mkati, komanso kuthetsa vuto la kilomita yomaliza.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-05-2024