Chisa cha ma frequency optical ndi transmission yowunikira?

Tikudziwa kuti kuyambira m'ma 1990, ukadaulo wa WDM wavelength division multiplexing wakhala ukugwiritsidwa ntchito pa maulalo a fiber optic akutali omwe amatalika makilomita mazana ambiri kapena zikwizikwi. M'maiko ambiri ndi madera, zomangamanga za fiber optic ndiye chuma chawo chokwera mtengo kwambiri, pomwe mtengo wa zida zotumizira ma transceiver ndi wotsika.

Komabe, chifukwa cha kukula kwakukulu kwa kuchuluka kwa kutumiza deta pa netiweki monga 5G, ukadaulo wa WDM wakhala wofunikira kwambiri pamaulumikizano akutali, ndipo kuchuluka kwa maulumikizano afupi ndi kwakukulu kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mtengo ndi kukula kwa zida zotumizira mauthenga zikhale zovuta kwambiri.

Pakadali pano, ma network awa amadalirabe zikwizikwi za ulusi wa single-mode optical kuti atumize mauthenga ofanana kudzera mu njira zogawanitsira ma space division, ndipo kuchuluka kwa deta ya njira iliyonse ndi kochepa, pafupifupi mazana ochepa a Gbit/s (800G). T-level ingakhale ndi ntchito zochepa.

Koma mtsogolomu, lingaliro la kufanana kwa malo wamba lidzafika posachedwa pamalire ake okulirapo, ndipo liyenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi kufanana kwa ma data mu ulusi uliwonse kuti pakhale kusintha kwina pa kuchuluka kwa deta. Izi zitha kutsegula malo atsopano ogwiritsira ntchito ukadaulo wogawa ma wavelength, komwe kukula kwakukulu kwa nambala ya njira ndi kuchuluka kwa deta ndikofunikira.

Pankhaniyi, jenereta ya frequency comb (FCG), monga gwero laling'ono komanso lokhazikika la kuwala kwa mafunde ambiri, ingapereke zonyamulira zambiri zowoneka bwino, motero imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, ubwino wofunikira kwambiri wa frequency comb ndikuti mizere ya combs imakhala yofanana mu ma frequency, zomwe zimatha kumasula zofunikira za ma interchannel guard ndikupewa frequency control yomwe imafunika pa mizere imodzi m'njira zachikhalidwe pogwiritsa ntchito DFB laser arrays.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ubwino uwu sungogwira ntchito pa transmitter ya wavelength division multiplexing yokha, komanso pa receiver yake, komwe discrete local oscillator (LO) array ingalowe m'malo ndi single comb generator. Kugwiritsa ntchito LO comb generators kungathandize kwambiri kukonza ma signal a digito mu wavelength division multiplexing channels, potero kuchepetsa zovuta za receiver ndikukweza phase noise tolerance.

Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro za LO zokhala ndi ntchito yotsekedwa pang'ono kuti zigwirizane bwino kungakonzenso mawonekedwe a nthawi ya chizindikiro chonse cha wavelength division multiplexing, motero kulipira kuwonongeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusalumikizana kwa kuwala kwa ulusi wotumizira. Kuphatikiza pa ubwino wamalingaliro kutengera kutumiza chizindikiro cha comb, kukula kochepa komanso kupanga kwakukulu kogwira ntchito bwino ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa ma transceivers amtsogolo a wavelength division multiplexing.

Chifukwa chake, pakati pa malingaliro osiyanasiyana opanga ma signal a comb, zida za chip level ndizofunika kwambiri. Zikaphatikizidwa ndi ma circuits ophatikizika a photonic omwe amatha kukulitsidwa kwambiri kuti asinthe ma signal a data, multiplexing, routing, ndi reception, zida zotere zitha kukhala zofunika kwambiri pa ma transceivers ang'onoang'ono komanso ogwira ntchito bwino a multiplexing omwe amatha kupangidwa mochuluka pamtengo wotsika, okhala ndi mphamvu yotumizira ya makumi a Tbit/s pa ulusi uliwonse.

Pa kutuluka kwa gawo lotumizira, njira iliyonse imaphatikizidwanso kudzera mu multiplexer (MUX), ndipo chizindikiro cha wavelength division multiplexing chimatumizidwa kudzera mu ulusi wa single-mode. Pa gawo lolandira, wavelength division multiplexing receiver (WDM Rx) imagwiritsa ntchito LO local oscillator ya FCG yachiwiri kuti izindikire kusokoneza kwa wavelength. Njira ya chizindikiro cha wavelength division multiplexing imalekanitsidwa ndi demultiplexer kenako imatumizidwa ku coherent receiver array (Coh. Rx). Pakati pawo, demultiplexing frequency ya local oscillator LO imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo lofotokozera la coherent receiver iliyonse. Kagwiridwe ka ntchito ka wavelength division multiplexing link iyi mwachionekere kumadalira kwambiri pa jenereta yoyambira ya chizindikiro cha comb, makamaka m'lifupi mwa kuwala ndi mphamvu ya kuwala ya mzere uliwonse wa comb.

Zachidziwikire, ukadaulo wa optical frequency comb ukadali mu gawo lopangidwa, ndipo zochitika zake zogwiritsidwa ntchito komanso kukula kwa msika ndizochepa. Ngati ungathetse mavuto aukadaulo, kuchepetsa ndalama, ndikuwonjezera kudalirika, ukhoza kukwaniritsa ntchito zazikulu pakutumiza kwa optical.